Alex,
Let’s try it this way.
Whatever the camera is set up to, there is a point where the Texture will be magnified the most. This is the constellation where the Texture needs the most resolution.
If you go only from Render resolution and texture resolution, you have no relation in the equation about camera set up and object.
Hence why each scene has a different requirement.
Here is a quick one minute clip illustrating the core relations among all parts.
https://www.amazon.com/clouddrive/share/TFhGaQi6XgLJBbWrojIZOdWMnLs4UFwgFKLuEjUFvpx
All of that with “Tile” set to 100% or 1 Tile only.
Keep in mind that the replacement of the hi-res Texture will take the same dimensions on the object; only the pixel density will be higher. UV space is always 0-1, hence the option to swap out different resolutions.
This can be even more difficult if refraction or reflection (when it magnifies) happens.
I hope that makes now more sense.
All the best